DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. EJDB vs. FoundationDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. EJDB vs. FoundationDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle NoSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Graph DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#297	Overall
	#44	Document stores

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb

github.com/apple/foundationdb

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb/blob/master/README.md

apple.github.io/foundationdb

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Softmotions

FoundationDB

Vesoft Inc.

Oracle

Initial release

2012

2013

2019

2011

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

23.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

server-less

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

some layers support schemas

Strong typed schema

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, bool, date, object_id

some layers support typing

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

supported in specific SQL layer only

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

in-process shared library

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

in SQL-layer only

user defined functions

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

yes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

typically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possible

in SQL-layer only

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/Write Locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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