DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. NebulaGraph vs. RethinkDB vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. NebulaGraph vs. RethinkDB vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	2.74
Rank	#105	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	42.91
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.datomic.com

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

rethinkdb.com

solr.apache.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.datomic.com

docs.nebula-graph.io

rethinkdb.com/docs

solr.apache.org/resources.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Cognitect

Vesoft Inc.

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2019

2009

2006

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

2.4.1, August 2020

9.6.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like query language

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
Java

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Transaction Functions

user defined functions

Java plugins

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

range based

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-document operations

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

yes

users and table-level permissions

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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