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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Databricks vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Databricks vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonDatabricks  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsThe Databricks Lakehouse Platform combines elements of data lakes and data warehouses to provide a unified view onto structured and unstructured data. It is based on Apache Spark.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score81.08
Rank#15  Overall
#2  Document stores
#10  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.databricks.comwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.databricks.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)DatabricksThomas MuellerMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release20122013200520101989
Current release2.2.220, July 2023V12SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCJavaC++C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardwith Databricks SQLyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCPython
R
Scala
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonuser defined functions and aggregatesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftDatabricksH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft SQL Server
Specific characteristicsSupported database models : In addition to the Document store and Relational DBMS...
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More resources
Amazon RedshiftDatabricksH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft SQL Server
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