DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. CockroachDB vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. CockroachDB vs. Heroic vs. LevelDB vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	5.73
Rank	#58	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	0.46
Rank	#265	Overall
	#22	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.cockroachlabs.com

github.com/spotify/heroic

github.com/google/leveldb

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

spotify.github.io/heroic

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Cockroach Labs

Spotify

Google

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Initial release

2012

2015

2014

2011

2012

Current release

24.1.0, May 2024

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Clojure
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

none

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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