DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Blazegraph vs. MonetDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Blazegraph vs. MonetDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

High-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.

Primary database model

Column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	19.03
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	0.77
Rank	#222	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#8	RDF stores

Score	1.72
Rank	#148	Overall
	#68	Relational DBMS

Score	2.12
Rank	#125	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	11.40
Rank	#43	Overall
	#27	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

blazegraph.com

www.monetdb.org

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.vertica.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

wiki.blazegraph.com

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

docs.nebula-graph.io

vertica.com/documentation

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Blazegraph

MonetDB BV

Vesoft Inc.

OpenText

previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard

Initial release

2012

2006

2004

2019

2005

Current release

2.1.5, March 2019

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

12.0.3, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

extended commercial license available

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

Limited community edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Strong typed schema

Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

RDF literal types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SPARQL is used as query language

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

SQL-like query language

Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL

character-based, interactive, front-end utility

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

yes, in SQL, C, R

user defined functions

yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences

Triggers

yes

yes, called Custom Alerts

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding via remote tables

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication

One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Bi-directional Spark integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in Graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Security and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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