DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Blazegraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenMLDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Blazegraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenMLDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

High-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

An open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inference

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	0.75
Rank	#219	Overall
	#19	Graph DBMS
	#8	RDF stores

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.02
Rank	#367	Overall
	#37	Time Series DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

blazegraph.com

github.com/apple/foundationdb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

openmldb.ai

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

wiki.blazegraph.com

apple.github.io/foundationdb

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

openmldb.ai/docs/zh/main

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Blazegraph

FoundationDB

Microsoft

4 Paradigm Inc.

Initial release

2012

2006

2013

2014

2020

Current release

2.1.5, March 2019

6.2.28, November 2020

2024-2 February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

extended commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

C++, Java, Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

Fixed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

RDF literal types

some layers support typing

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SPARQL is used as query language

supported in specific SQL layer only

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

in SQL-layer only

JavaScript

Triggers

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Linearizable consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in Graphs

in SQL-layer only

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Security and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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