DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Graph Engine

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Graph Engine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	0.61
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

phoenix.apache.org

www.datomic.com

www.graphengine.io

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

phoenix.apache.org

docs.datomic.com

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Cognitect

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2014

2012

2010

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

1.0.6735, June 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, Clojure

.NET and C

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

.NET

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Clojure
Java

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

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