DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Infobright vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Infobright vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

High performant column-oriented DBMS for analytic workloads using MySQL or PostgreSQL as a frontend

Well established RDBMS

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.96
Rank	#194	Overall
	#91	Relational DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org

ignitetech.com/softwarelibrary/infobrightdb

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Ignite Technologies Inc.; formerly InfoBright Inc.

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2013

2005

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2010

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

11.2, May 2022

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

The open source (GPLv2) version did not support inserts/updates/deletes and was discontinued with July 2016

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

Knowledge Grid Technology used instead

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication

Ingres Replicator

yes, with always 3 replicas available

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

exploiting MySQL or PostgreSQL frontend capabilities

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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