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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAnalytic DBMS for Hadoopdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.orghive.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homelearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookMicrosoftByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20122013201219892016
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.1.3, April 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCC++JavaC++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Java
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factorselectable replication factoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftApache ImpalaHiveMicrosoft SQL ServerTerarkDB
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