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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Oracle vs. SQL.JS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformWidely used RDBMSPort of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#252  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.oracle.com/­databasesql.js.org
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasesql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleOracleAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release20122013200819802012
Current release4.1.0, June 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C and C++JavaScript
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceusing Google App EnginePL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
TriggersnonoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftApache ImpalaGoogle Cloud DatastoreOracleSQL.JS
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