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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Microsofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablelearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoft
Initial release2012201320051989
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 2023SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++ErlangC++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftApache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Microsoft SQL Server
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