DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Druid vs. Blazegraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Druid vs. Blazegraph vs. FoundationDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

High-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Widely used in-process key-value store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.81
Rank	#213	Overall
	#19	Graph DBMS
	#8	RDF stores

Score	1.06
Rank	#185	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	2.01
Rank	#126	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

druid.apache.org

blazegraph.com

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

wiki.blazegraph.com

apple.github.io/foundationdb

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Blazegraph

FoundationDB

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Initial release

2012

2006

2013

1994

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

2.1.5, March 2019

6.2.28, November 2020

18.1.40, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

extended commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

RDF literal types

some layers support typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL for querying

SPARQL is used as query language

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

in SQL-layer only

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Linearizable consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in Graphs

in SQL-layer only

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Security and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.