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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. CouchDB vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. CouchDB vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1244.08
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecouchdb.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerFirebird FoundationMicrosoftOracle
Initial release201720052000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase19891980
Current release3.3.3, December 20235.0.0, January 2024SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC and C++C++C and C++
Server operating systemshostedAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions in JavaScriptPSQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0nonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per databaseUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"FirebirdMicrosoft SQL ServerOracle
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