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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Cassandra vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Cassandra vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tibero

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Wide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.78
Rank#140  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecassandra.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tibero
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.postgresql.org/­docstechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTmaxSoft
Initial release201720081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2003
Current release4.1.3, July 202316.3, May 20246, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
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Implementation languageJavaCC and Assembler
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesnorestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Persistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or composite
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneCassandraPostgreSQLTibero
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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