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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Cassandra vs. Hive vs. IBM Cloudant vs. MariaDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Cassandra vs. Hive vs. IBM Cloudant vs. MariaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Wide column storeRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score91.04
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecassandra.apache.orghive.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homecloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­library
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Initial release20172008201220102009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995
Current release4.1.3, July 20233.1.3, April 202211.3.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaJavaErlangC and C++
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoDynamic columns are supported
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnorestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnononoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnono infoatomic operations within a document possibleACID infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoOptimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engine
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infowith MEMORY storage engine
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and rolesAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneCassandraHiveIBM CloudantMariaDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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