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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Amazon Redshift vs. ArcadeDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Amazon Redshift vs. ArcadeDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#358  Overall
#48  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#52  Key-value stores
#35  Time Series DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneaws.amazon.com/­redshiftarcadedb.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.arcadedb.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperAmazonAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Arcade DataMicrosoft
Initial release2017201220211989
Current releaseSeptember 2021SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnorestrictedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like query language, no joinsyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions infoin PythonTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneAmazon RedshiftArcadeDBMicrosoft SQL Server
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