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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SurrealDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SurrealDB vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.45
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serversurrealdb.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serversurrealdb.com/­docsdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperAmazonMicrosoftSurrealDB LtdTimescale
Initial release2012198920222017
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 2022v1.5.0, May 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++RustC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query languageyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSurrealDBTimescaleDB
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