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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used in-process key-value storeEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Key-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarylearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAmazonMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
MicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleStardog-Union
Initial release20122009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995201419942010
Current release11.3.2, February 202418.1.40, May 20207.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoDynamic columns are supportedschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3JavaScriptnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS LambdayesJavaScriptyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingseveral options for horizontal partitioning and ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infowith MEMORY storage engineyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelnoAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBMariaDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracle Berkeley DBStardog
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more

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3rd partiesCData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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Navicat for MariaDB provides a native environment for MariaDB database management and development.
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CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBMariaDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracle Berkeley DBStardog
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