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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. Kinetica vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. Kinetica vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.kinetica.comwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.kinetica.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonIBMKineticaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer8Kdata
Initial release20121983 infohost version20121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2016
Current release12.1, October 20167.1, August 202116.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercial infofree version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C, C++CJava
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayesyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles on table levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2KineticaPostgreSQLToroDB
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