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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Couchbase vs. LevelDB vs. RRDtool vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Couchbase vs. LevelDB vs. RRDtool vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Document storeKey-value storeTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score71.85
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score17.10
Rank#34  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score2.39
Rank#110  Overall
#18  Key-value stores
Score1.68
Rank#137  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score3.91
Rank#72  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.couchbase.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldboss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.couchbase.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­docdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAmazonCouchbase, Inc.GoogleTobias OetikerOpenLink Software
Initial release20122011201119991998
Current releaseServer: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 20231.23, February 20211.8.0, 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC, C++, Go and ErlangC++C infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesnonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APICLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
in-process shared library
Pipes
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++nonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayes infovia the TAP protocolnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingAutomatic Shardingnonenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
nonenoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yesnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoEphemeral bucketsyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)User and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.nonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseLevelDBRRDtoolVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseLevelDBRRDtoolVirtuoso
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