DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. ClickHouse vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB
System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. ClickHouse vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB
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| Name | Amazon DynamoDB Xexclude from comparison | ClickHouse Xexclude from comparison | Percona Server for MySQL Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | RethinkDB Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud | A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering. | Enhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features. | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store Key-value store | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Document store | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Time Series DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Spatial DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | aws.amazon.com/dynamodb | clickhouse.com | www.percona.com/software/mysql-database/percona-server | www.postgresql.org | rethinkdb.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb | clickhouse.com/docs | www.percona.com/downloads/Percona-Server-LATEST | www.postgresql.org/docs | rethinkdb.com/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Amazon | Clickhouse Inc. | Percona | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | The Linux Foundation since July 2017 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2012 | 2016 | 2008 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024 | 8.0.36-28, 2024 | 16.3, May 2024 | 2.4.1, August 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial free tier for a limited amount of database operations | Open Source Apache 2.0 | Open Source GPL version 2 | Open Source BSD | Open Source Apache Version 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C++ | C and C++ | C | C++ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | hosted | FreeBSD Linux macOS | Linux | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux OS X Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free | yes | yes | yes | schema-free | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | no | Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions) | yes | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | RESTful HTTP API | gRPC HTTP REST JDBC MySQL wire protocol ODBC PostgreSQL wire protocol Proprietary protocol | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .Net ColdFusion Erlang Groovy Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby | C# 3rd party library C++ Elixir 3rd party libraryGo 3rd party libraryJava 3rd party libraryJavaScript (Node.js) 3rd party libraryKotlin 3rd party libraryNim 3rd party libraryPerl 3rd party libraryPHP 3rd party libraryPython 3rd party libraryR 3rd party libraryRuby 3rd party libraryRust Scala 3rd party library | Ada C C# C++ D Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C community-supported driver C# community-supported driverC++ community-supported driverClojure community-supported driverDart community-supported driverErlang community-supported driverGo community-supported driverHaskell community-supported driverJava official driverJavaScript (Node.js) official driverLisp community-supported driverLua community-supported driverObjective-C community-supported driverPerl community-supported driverPHP community-supported driverPython official driverRuby official driverScala community-supported driver | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | yes | yes | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes by integration with AWS Lambda | no | yes | yes | Client-side triggers through changefeeds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | key based and custom | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding range based | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes | Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages. | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication XtraDB Cluster | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Source-replica replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR) | no | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency can be specified for read operations | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region | no | ACID | ACID | Atomic single-document operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes MVCC based | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | yes | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) | Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication. | Users with fine-grained authorization concept no user groups or roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | yes users and table-level permissions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 3rd parties | CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers. » more | DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale. » more Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics. » more | Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development. » more Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL » more Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. » more Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance. » more Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users. » more CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details. » more Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems. » more pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring. » more Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today! » more SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more. » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amazon DynamoDB | ClickHouse | Percona Server for MySQL | PostgreSQL | RethinkDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years Increased popularity for consuming DBMS services out of the cloud | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | Meet some database management systems you are likely to hear more about in the future Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor Freecharge lowered their identity management system cost and improved scaling by switching to Amazon DynamoDB ... Migrating Uber's Ledger Data from DynamoDB to LedgerStore Zendesk Moves from DynamoDB to MySQL and S3 to Save over 80% in Costs Using the circuit-breaker pattern with AWS Lambda extensions and Amazon DynamoDB | Amazon Web Services Distributed Transactions at Scale in Amazon DynamoDB provided by Google News Why Clickhouse Should Be Your Next Database ClickHouse Cloud & Amazon S3 Express One Zone: Making a blazing fast analytical database even faster | Amazon ... A 1000x Faster Database Solution: ClickHouse’s Aaron Katz ClickHouse Announces Launch of ClickPipes From Open Source to SaaS: the Journey of ClickHouse provided by Google News A Momentous 2023, Headlined by a 19% increase of ARR, Positions Percona for Even Greater Success in the Year ... Update or migrate? Planning for MySQL 5.7 EOL Sizing Up Servers: Intel's Skylake-SP Xeon versus AMD's EPYC 7000 - The Server CPU Battle of the Decade? How to deploy the Percona database performance monitor with Docker ScaleFlux computational storage makes Percona MySQL faster – Blocks and Files provided by Google News Deep PostgreSQL Thoughts: Valuing Currency At Build, Microsoft Fabric, PostgreSQL and Cosmos DB get AI enhancements Nutanix partners with EDB to fit database service for AI – Blocks and Files How to Import CSV Data Into PostgreSQL Using Spring Boot Batch Nutanix and EDB enhance PostgreSQL for enterprise apps provided by Google News MongoDB: The Popular Database for IoT Stripe acquires team behind NoSQL database startup RethinkDB Realtime App Development with RethinkDB and React Native — SitePoint RethinkDB is dead, and MongoDB isn't what killed it How to deploy RethinkDB using Docker provided by Google News | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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