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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Cassandra vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Cassandra vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Wide column storeRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.45
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcassandra.apache.orgwww.mcobject.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dborientdb.org
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMcObjectMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20122008200120142010
Current release4.1.3, July 20238.2, 20213.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++Java
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infosupport of XML interfaces availableno
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesJavaScriptJava, Javascript
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayesyes infoby defining eventsJavaScriptHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning / shardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yesnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBCassandraeXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOrientDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more
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