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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Cassandra vs. Dgraph vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Cassandra vs. Dgraph vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSCloud-based data warehousing serviceGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Wide column storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.30
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcassandra.apache.orgdgraph.iowww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehouseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdgraph.io/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookDgraph Labs, Inc.IBMMicrosoft
Initial release20122008201620142014
Current release4.1.3, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaGo
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoPL/SQL, SQL PLJavaScript
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS LambdayesnoyesJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"yesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSynchronous replication via Raftyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yesnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per objectno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item level
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBCassandraDgraphIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBCassandraDgraphIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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