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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. BigObject vs. Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. BigObject vs. Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonBigObject  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudAnalytic DBMS for real-time computations and queriesDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infoa hierachical model (tree) can be imposedGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score70.06
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score0.13
Rank#329  Overall
#147  Relational DBMS
Score1.39
Rank#155  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbbigobject.iodgraph.iowww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.bigobject.iodgraph.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonBigObject, Inc.Dgraph Labs, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer8Kdata
Initial release2012201520161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2016
Current release16.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageGoCJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux infodistributed as a docker-image
OS X infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIfluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoLuanouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdanonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
noneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoautomatically between fact table and dimension tablesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoRead/write lock on objects (tables, trees)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBBigObjectDgraphPostgreSQLToroDB
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