DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Elasticsearch vs. NebulaGraph vs. openGauss

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Elasticsearch vs. NebulaGraph vs. openGauss

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by Huawei

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	135.35
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	1.08
Rank	#183	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

phoenix.apache.org

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

gitee.com/opengauss
opengauss.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

phoenix.apache.org

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.opengauss.org/en
gitee.com/opengauss/docs

Developer

Amazon

Apache Software Foundation

Elastic

Vesoft Inc.

Huawei and openGauss community

Initial release

2012

2014

2010

2019

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

8.6, January 2023

3.0, March 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C, C++, Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

Strong typed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

ANSI SQL 2011

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Hadoop integration

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Role-based access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.