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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. Hypertable vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. Hypertable vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed reliable key-value storeAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSKey-value storeWide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbimpala.apache.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmletcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
www.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHypertable Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012201320091989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.4, August 20190.9.8.11, March 201616.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoC++C
Server operating systemshostedLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnonoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesnorestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
C++ API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdanoyes, watching key changesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factorUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.selectable replication factor on file system levelSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionnononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBApache ImpalaetcdHypertablePostgreSQL
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