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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Wide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score70.06
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score2.85
Rank#96  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
#6  Time Series DBMS
Score3.55
Rank#80  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012201220121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release30.0.0, June 202416.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL for queryingnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdanonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionnooptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBApache DruidMicrosoft Azure Table StoragePostgreSQL
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