DBMS > Amazon DocumentDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle vs. SAP IQ

System Properties Comparison Amazon DocumentDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle vs. SAP IQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, scalable, highly available, and fully managed MongoDB-compatible database service

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Columnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics

Primary database model

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

column-oriented

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.91
Rank	#131	Overall
	#24	Document stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	2.64
Rank	#108	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/documentdb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.oracle.com/database

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-iq-big-data-management.html

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/documentdb/resources

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.oracle.com/en/database

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_IQ

Developer

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Oracle

SAP, formerly Sybase

Initial release

2019

2014

2019

1980

1994

Current release

23c, September 2023

16.1 SPS04, April 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Strong typed schema

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

proprietary protocol using JSON (MongoDB compatible)

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

user defined functions

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

shared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones for high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

SAP/Sybase Replication Server

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

can be realized in PL/SQL

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic single-document operations

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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