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DBMS > Altibase vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Altibase vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAltibase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.02
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websitealtibase.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseneo4j.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­ALTIBASE/­Documents/­tree/­master/­Manualscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperAltibaseGoogleThomas MuellerMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release19992015200520102007
Current releasev7.3, 2023, August 20232.2.220, July 2023V125.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoOpen source edition discontinued with March 2023commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
hostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLANSI SQL-92noyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C++
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresstored procedures and stored functionsnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AltibaseGoogle Cloud BigtableH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNeo4j
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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More resources
AltibaseGoogle Cloud BigtableH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNeo4j
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