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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Cassandra vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OceanBase vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Cassandra vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OceanBase vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOceanBase  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQLA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Wide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#147  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Websiteallegrograph.comcassandra.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serveren.oceanbase.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serveren.oceanbase.com/­docs/­oceanbase-database
DeveloperFranz Inc.Apache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMicrosoftOceanBase infopreviously Alibaba and Ant Group8Kdata
Initial release20042008198920102016
Current release8.0, December 20234.1.3, July 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20224.3.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoCommercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possiblenoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Ada infoin MySQL-compatible model
C infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++ infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D infoin MySQL-compatible model
Delphi infoin MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel infoin MySQL-compatible model
Erlang infoin MySQL-compatible model
Haskell infoin MySQL-compatible model
Java infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js) infoin MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C infoin MySQL-compatible model
OCaml infoin MySQL-compatible model
Perl infoin MySQL-compatible model
PHP infoin MySQL-compatible model
Python infoin MySQL-compatible model
Ruby infoin MySQL-compatible model
Scheme infoin MySQL-compatible model
Tcl infoin MySQL-compatible model
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common LispnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible mode
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationSharding infono "single point of failure"tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphCassandraMicrosoft SQL ServerOceanBaseToroDB
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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