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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud Table Store vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud Table Store vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud Table Store  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA fully managed Wide Column Store for large quantities of semi-structured data with real-time accessA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelWide column storeSearch engineRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.24
Rank#310  Overall
#12  Wide column stores
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.12
Rank#125  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score4.94
Rank#72  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­table-storewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
pingcap.com
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­tablestorewww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperAlibabaElasticMicrosoftVesoft Inc.PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20162010201020192016
Current release8.6, January 2023V127.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++Go, Rust
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesTransact SQLuser defined functionsno
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocolUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornonoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights based on subaccounts and tokensfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud Table StoreElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNebulaGraphTiDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Alibaba Cloud Table StoreElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNebulaGraphTiDB
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