DBMS > Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

MaxCompute (previously known as ODPS) is a general purpose, fully managed, multi-tenancy data processing platform for large-scale data warehousing

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

a graph-processing framework is available with the graphs being stored in tables

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.77
Rank	#214	Overall
	#98	Relational DBMS

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/maxcompute

phoenix.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

rdf4j.org

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/maxcompute

phoenix.apache.org

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

Alibaba

Apache Software Foundation

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

2016

2014

1989

2004

2016

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

8.0.0, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

Fluentd
Flume
MaxCompute Console

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

Java

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java
PHP
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Java

user defined functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
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Licensing and pricing models

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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