DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HBase vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.76
Rank	#220	Overall
	#102	Relational DBMS

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/spanner

hbase.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

hbase.apache.org/book.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

Developer

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Google

Initial release

2016

2012

2017

2008

2011

Current release

2.3.4, January 2021

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.