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DBMS > AlaSQL vs. Cassandra vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. Cassandra vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS libraryWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Wide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.51
Rank#256  Overall
#40  Document stores
#118  Relational DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1244.08
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websitealasql.orgcassandra.apache.orghive.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookMicrosoftOracle
Initial release20142008201220191980
Current release4.1.3, July 20233.1.3, April 2022cloud service with continuous releases23c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesnorestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersyesyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnonoACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and rolesAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
AlaSQLCassandraHiveMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracle
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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