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DBMS > 4D vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite vs. Teradata vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite vs. Teradata vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparisonYaacomo  Xexclude from comparison
Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)OpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score45.33
Rank#21  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.sqlite.orgwww.teradata.comyaacomo.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.teradata.com
Developer4D, IncPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerDwayne Richard HippTeradataQ2WEB GmbH
Initial release19841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL200019842009
Current releasev20, April 202316.2, February 20243.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoPublic Domaincommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-lesshosted
Linux
Android
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infodynamic column typesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash indexyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes infoSQL 2016 + extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneSharding infoHashinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infovia file-system locksyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionPostgreSQLSQLiteTeradataYaacomo
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