DBMS > 4D vs. mSQL vs. Oracle vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. mSQL vs. Oracle vs. YottaDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

Widely used RDBMS

A fast and solid embedded Key-value store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Relational DBMS

using the Octo plugin

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.27
Rank	#169	Overall
	#76	Relational DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.28
Rank	#306	Overall
	#44	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

www.oracle.com/database

yottadb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

yottadb.com/resources/documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

Hughes Technologies

Oracle

YottaDB, LLC

Initial release

1984

1994

1980

2001

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.4, October 2021

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free licenses can be provided

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

AGPL 3.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Docker
Linux

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

yes

with proprietary extensions

by using the Octo plugin

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

PostgreSQL wire protocol

using the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and groups based on OS-security mechanisms

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