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DBMS > 4D vs. Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. SiteWhere vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. SiteWhere vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSiteWhere  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLM2M integration platform for persisting/querying time series dataA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#356  Overall
#35  Time Series DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comneo4j.comwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­sitewhere/­sitewheresolr.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comneo4j.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docssitewhere1.sitewhere.io/­index.htmlsolr.apache.org/­resources.html
Developer4D, IncNeo4j, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSiteWhereApache Software Foundation
Initial release198420071989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20102006
Current releasev20, April 20235.19, April 202416.3, May 20249.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoCommon Public Attribution License Version 1.0Open Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ScalaCJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyespredefined schemeyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoSolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP RESTJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java plugins
Triggersyesyes infovia event handleryesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infobased on HBaseSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factor infobased on HBaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnooptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptyes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionNeo4jPostgreSQLSiteWhereSolr
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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