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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Access vs. Oracle vs. SQLite vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Access vs. Oracle vs. SQLite vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Widely used RDBMSWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.oracle.com/­databasewww.sqlite.orgtypedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmltypedb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftOracleDwayne Richard HippVaticle
Initial release19841992198020002016
Current releasev20, April 20231902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201923c, September 20233.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 20242.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoBundled with Microsoft Officecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoPublic DomainOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++CJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-lessLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infodynamic column typesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-enginePL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possiblenono
Triggersyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQLnoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft AccessOracleSQLiteTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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Related products and services
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Navicat for Oracle improves the efficiency and productivity of Oracle developers and administrators with a streamlined working environment.
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Navicat for SQLite is a powerful and comprehensive SQLite GUI that provides a complete set of functions for database management and development.
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft AccessOracleSQLiteTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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