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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Access vs. Oracle vs. RethinkDB vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Access vs. Oracle vs. RethinkDB vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Widely used RDBMSDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.oracle.com/­databaserethinkdb.comwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databaserethinkdb.com/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftOracleThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Dwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release19841992198020092000
Current releasev20, April 20231902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201923c, September 20232.4.1, August 20203.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoBundled with Microsoft Officecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++C++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsschema-freeyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-enginePL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding inforange basednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQLyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousers and table-level permissionsno

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Navicat for SQLite is a powerful and comprehensive SQLite GUI that provides a complete set of functions for database management and development.
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft AccessOracleRethinkDBSQLite
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