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DBMS > 4D vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j vs. SQream DB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j vs. SQream DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsa GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloads
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score91.04
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#224  Overall
#103  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.commariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverneo4j.comsqream.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.commariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarylearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverneo4j.com/­docsdocs.sqream.com
Developer4D, IncMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
MicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.SQream Technologies
Initial release19842009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995198920072017
Current releasev20, April 202311.3.2, February 2024SQL Server 2022, November 20225.20, May 20242022.1.6, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC and C++C++Java, ScalaC++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith proprietary extensionsyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions in Python
Triggersyesyesyesyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes using Neo4j Fabrichorizontal and vertical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infowith MEMORY storage engineyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMariaDBMicrosoft SQL ServerNeo4jSQream DB
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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