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DBMS > 4D vs. Kinetica vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Kinetica vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.65
Rank#85  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.kinetica.comwww.postgresql.orgrocksdb.orgwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.kinetica.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wikiwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
Developer4D, IncKineticaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerFacebook, Inc.Dwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release198420121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20132000
Current releasev20, April 20237.1, August 202116.3, May 20248.11.4, April 20243.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++CC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linuxserver-less
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
C++ API
Java API
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersyesyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and roles on table levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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