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DBMS > 4D vs. JanusGraph vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. JanusGraph vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#125  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comjanusgraph.orgwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverneo4j.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.janusgraph.orgwww.lmdb.tech/­doclearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverneo4j.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusSymasMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release19842017201119892007
Current releasev20, April 20230.6.3, February 20230.9.32, January 2024SQL Server 2022, November 20225.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaCC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
Java
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)nonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesnoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Servernofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanLMDBMicrosoft SQL ServerNeo4j
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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