DBMS > 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	5.46
Rank	#61	Overall
	#7	Key-value stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#357	Overall
	#51	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

hazelcast.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

4D, Inc

Hazelcast

Microsoft

Oracle

STS Soft SC

Initial release

1984

2008

1989

1980

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.3.6, November 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

23c, September 2023

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Replicated Map

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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