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DBMS > 4D vs. HBase vs. InfinityDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HBase vs. InfinityDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonInfinityDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableA Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interfaceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score31.25
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score0.07
Rank#359  Overall
#54  Key-value stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhbase.apache.orgboilerbay.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhbase.apache.org/­book.htmlboilerbay.com/­infinitydb/­manualwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetBoiler Bay Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release1984200820021989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releasev20, April 20232.3.4, January 20214.016.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleyes infonested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical ‘tuple space’ runtime Schema upgradeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes infoall Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arraysyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnono infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/­docs/­ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Java.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoCoprocessors in Javanouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoREAD-COMMITTED or SERIALIZEDImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACID infoOptimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loadsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHBaseInfinityDBPostgreSQL
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