DBMS > 4D vs. GreptimeDB vs. MariaDB vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GreptimeDB vs. MariaDB vs. Oracle NoSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiency

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#368	Overall
	#37	Time Series DBMS

Score	93.81
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	2.96
Rank	#103	Overall
	#18	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#52	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

greptime.com

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.greptime.com

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Greptime Inc.

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2022

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

11.3.2, February 2024

23.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Rust

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Android
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Python

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Simple rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more

Competitive advantages

- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenarios

For IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
» more

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more

Key customers

Greptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more

Market metrics

GreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing models

GreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more

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