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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. Teradata

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. Teradata

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.10
Rank#82  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score45.33
Rank#21  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iowww.postgresql.orgwww.teradata.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestdocs.teradata.com
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesTeradata
Initial release198420161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20091984
Current releasev20, April 202316.3, May 20243.2.0, December 2022Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCErlang
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
hosted
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesrestrictedyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infoSQL 2016 + extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Erlangyes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel
Triggersyesnoyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infoHashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infolinks between data sets can be storedyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak Securityfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphPostgreSQLRiak KVTeradata
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