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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PouchDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.34
Rank#112  Overall
#21  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtableazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasepouchdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablecloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlpouchdb.com/­guides
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogleMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release19842005201520102012
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 2023V127.1.1, June 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangC++JavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedhostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsnoyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptnoTransact SQLView functions in JavaScript
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleAtomic single-row operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Google Cloud BigtableMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePouchDB
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