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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. EDB Postgres vs. LeanXcale vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. EDB Postgres vs. LeanXcale vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonEDB Postgres  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.The EDB Postgres Platform is an enterprise-class data management platform based on the open source database PostgreSQL with flexible deployment options and Oracle compatibility features, complemented by tool kits for management, integration, and migration.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.90
Rank#135  Overall
#63  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.enterprisedb.comwww.leanxcale.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.enterprisedb.com/­docstypedb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerEnterpriseDBLeanXcaleVaticle
Initial release19842005200520152016
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 202314, December 20212.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoBSD for PostgreSQL-componentscommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangCJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infothrough Apache Derbyno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
Java
Scala
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0horizontal partitioning infoby hash, list or rangeSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"EDB PostgresLeanXcaleTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"EDB PostgresLeanXcaleTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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