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DBMS > 4D vs. Cassandra vs. Couchbase vs. OrigoDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cassandra vs. Couchbase vs. OrigoDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseA fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeDocument storeDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Key-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score17.30
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#53  Document stores
#20  Object oriented DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcassandra.apache.orgwww.couchbase.comorigodb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.couchbase.comorigodb.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCouchbase, Inc.Robert Friberg et alOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release1984200820112009 infounder the name LiveDB1998
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.3, July 2023Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC, C++, Go and ErlangC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infocan be achieved using .NETno
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.NetC
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++yesPL/SQL
Triggersyesyesyes infovia the TAP protocolyes infoDomain Eventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"Automatic Shardinghorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonodepending on modelyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoEphemeral bucketsyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.Role based authorizationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCassandraCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseOrigoDBTimesTen
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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