DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#375	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.52
Rank	#153	Overall
	#6	Vector DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

opennms.github.io/newts

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.nebula-graph.io

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Vesoft Inc.

OpenNMS Group

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

1984

2012

2019

2014

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like query language

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP REST
Java API

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Java

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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All companies that have data.
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.